{"id":"W4249095923","doi":"10.1093/spp/28.4.325","title":"Modal models","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science and Public Policy","topic":"Regional Development and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Buckingham; Library science; Modal; Sociology; Media studies; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"}],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001492778,0.00125812,0.0008513997,0.001444028,0.00204214,0.005930251,0.002302801,0.002169776,0.09983618],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006772843,0.0005832766,0.002179247,0.001451467,0.002389139,0.007222585,0.003198143,0.002376909,0.01845775],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003070695,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002099481,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008258188,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006900968,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983957,0.0005451431,0.0001196791,0.0003835265,0.0003324023,0.0002233745],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978032,0.00090181,0.0001746785,0.0005036399,0.0004595956,0.0001569932],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002312035,0.00002272776,0.0002081693,0.00005997283,0.0000183991,0.00004668551,0.0001694872,0.003989507,0.00008911933,0.9691905,0.01512498,0.01105743],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001772226,0.00001043827,0.0001212803,0.00006991987,0.00001627962,0.00008564343,0.000159946,0.01752523,0.0001129121,0.8796924,0.1021739,0.00001416075],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.007044479,0.00332911,0.3839912,0.009214049,0.0007862643,0.0002444307,0.005362,0.001635325,0.5883931],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5057063,0.006190493,0.1806469,0.002749134,0.001151143,0.001044791,0.008895211,0.001208421,0.2924075],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09983618,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3339853,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07403714954797677,"score_gpt":0.3588635640329543,"score_spread":0.2848264144849776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}