{"id":"W4251195813","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-44606-6_10","title":"Complex Systems","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Blackout; Geography; Electric power system; Physics; Power (physics)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002125705,0.0009223836,0.0004090253,0.000754694,0.000550465,0.002241202,0.0004752507,0.0006039301,0.06455295],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008351321,0.0002270131,0.0002289153,0.0008215882,0.001171504,0.002210531,0.001375336,0.00121654,0.02098471],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001132458,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008512001,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001212091,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002364891,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999815,0.00003084189,0.000007073766,0.00003855854,0.00009688939,0.00001167487],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998401,0.00004803831,0.000008902004,0.00004158733,0.00004560007,0.00001566474],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005283672,0.00001627787,0.00009267302,0.0001854446,0.000009286257,0.00003585527,0.0002048838,0.003099775,0.0005551054,0.6127219,0.18496,0.1981134],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001634593,0.00000575525,0.0001324017,0.00009757587,0.000002931566,0.00006137312,0.00005828567,0.001538555,0.0002088525,0.2513058,0.7465816,0.000005188974],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.001096821,0.008492989,0.04668013,0.002920342,0.001205351,0.00004018233,0.0002690069,0.0003026379,0.9389925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02934277,0.01322834,0.01426131,0.0008994398,0.001219266,0.0001205602,0.0005818845,0.0002636006,0.9400828],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06455295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2159511,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01520393503605572,"score_gpt":0.2077418180826275,"score_spread":0.1925378830465718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}