{"id":"W4253722978","doi":"10.1002/0471667196.ess7190","title":"Pharmacoepidemiology, Overview","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences","topic":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Pharmacoepidemiology; Observational study; Confounding; Context (archaeology); Medical prescription; Medicine; Causality (physics); Randomized controlled trial; Intensive care medicine; Computer science; Pharmacology; Internal medicine; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005221086,0.0004195111,0.001691902,0.0001950736,0.00006758323,0.00001633918,0.0009072453,0.000441892,0.0711465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1078641,0.0003084665,0.0001696476,0.0004064872,0.00263355,0.00003855674,0.0002193186,0.0004607218,0.0003091313],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000292836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001925459,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000143501,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004545589,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9949053,0.001363762,0.001481717,0.0008009266,0.0008348881,0.0006134209],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9224489,0.07593344,0.0008928342,0.0003943142,0.0000468196,0.0002837171],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005549442,0.00008618204,0.00005604804,0.0002076519,0.00003343663,0.000006077286,0.000007230626,1.757776e-7,7.723707e-7,0.418617,0.5305511,0.05042874],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002052432,0.0001131191,0.00007904543,0.0002329382,0.0001312489,0.00000211791,0.000006932094,0.00004024229,0.000003202936,0.512854,0.4860838,0.0002481486],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.000001858168,0.00162433,0.1071237,0.0003312934,0.001265553,0.0004822238,0.001307084,0.0001701813,0.8876938],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000007228115,0.007036845,0.830417,0.0002361654,0.00126401,0.00003265558,0.000004844228,0.0001669114,0.1608344],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7268594,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999368,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.4977696773901826,"score_gpt":0.5997718060092528,"score_spread":0.1020021286190703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}