{"id":"W4253843402","doi":"10.1017/cbo9781139031998.007","title":"Statistics and expectations","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","topic":"Statistics Education and Methodologies","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Statistics; Geography; Econometrics; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001107095,0.0002367868,0.0003022597,0.00009545893,0.0001484073,0.00002786062,0.0001544962,0.0002048736,0.00002323729],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002237052,0.000274773,0.00005055774,0.00000384559,0.0002345859,0.00003524576,0.0001455453,0.0002514502,0.00001621117],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008190714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008047491,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001385564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001425658,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991979,0.00005827572,0.0001623328,0.000239931,0.0001504968,0.0001910664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979498,0.001210817,0.0002122883,0.000314558,0.0001565006,0.0001559998],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001014374,0.000006855405,0.000001265797,0.00009258168,0.00006012526,0.00001496634,0.0002340016,1.475604e-8,0.000004305017,0.817767,0.1796268,0.002181966],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002574679,0.00002124637,0.00002271131,0.00005735375,0.0004264427,0.0000179874,0.0004109358,0.000008001914,0.00006890406,0.006576188,0.9917722,0.0003605128],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002094113,0.0002594122,0.0485383,0.000010236,0.0004132563,0.0002502861,0.001821488,0.0001119587,0.9485741],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00005704862,0.0001863678,0.09524999,0.0000202106,0.00009926526,9.647345e-7,0.00007531534,0.00003818844,0.9042727],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8121455,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999704,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1526168287068115,"score_gpt":0.3217028025982654,"score_spread":0.1690859738914539,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}