{"id":"W4254639452","doi":"10.1086/684044","title":"Unhappy Cities","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Labor Economics","topic":"Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction","field":"Psychology","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Institute on Aging","keywords":"Happiness; Metropolitan area; Subjective well-being; Economics; Function (biology); Demographic economics; Development economics; Labour economics; Economic growth; Psychology; Geography; Social psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005944876,0.0003415447,0.0004472959,0.0009177243,0.002624797,0.003461183,0.0007204074,0.0006884227,0.01702965],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002592858,0.0002838179,0.0002929851,0.002407268,0.002081002,0.003265023,0.004789114,0.002038504,0.001635144],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001299354,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001700244,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02731989,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05676601,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992958,0.00009001078,0.00003043215,0.0001404091,0.0001747291,0.0002686536],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979639,0.0001145638,0.0004992346,0.0001865316,0.0003804948,0.0008553495],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005309968,0.0002029656,0.3530077,0.0007013209,0.0002480294,0.002196928,0.01791958,0.001720323,0.002927453,0.09285808,0.1475096,0.380177],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005930619,0.0002487152,0.5100768,0.0003562385,0.0001324463,0.001074932,0.02595545,0.0009456379,0.001108566,0.02535821,0.4346173,0.00006628373],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8633599,0.005264061,0.001576994,0.0178287,0.0005235196,0.00004077748,0.002066581,0.0001381912,0.1092012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.965573,0.004097636,0.0005848338,0.002818403,0.0002228254,0.00002177088,0.001306979,0.00005727959,0.02531725],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02731989,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05696982,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02244844967861089,"score_gpt":0.2930772096444499,"score_spread":0.270628759965839,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}