{"id":"W4255808401","doi":"10.1002/9781118445112.stat03727","title":"Causality/Causation","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Wiley StatsRef: Statistics Reference Online","topic":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Causation; Causal inference; Causality (physics); Causal model; Inference; Causal structure; Epistemology; Causal reasoning; Computer science; Psychology; Artificial intelligence; Econometrics; Mathematics; Cognition; Philosophy; Statistics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01550099,0.001348371,0.002002185,0.0048959,0.002422281,0.006626982,0.002278152,0.005301525,0.03073027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.05409811,0.0006875572,0.001545552,0.005255527,0.0185704,0.00973387,0.004829075,0.007611879,0.005127979],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003332695,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004098067,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003015636,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001685059,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9790462,0.0105716,0.001657614,0.003847429,0.004353026,0.0005241011],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9627739,0.02466746,0.003873633,0.004871231,0.003161073,0.000652749],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001640558,0.00001089481,0.0006552106,0.0004367548,0.00005684555,0.0001305983,0.0002357405,0.0005589494,0.0000647274,0.9680931,0.01168876,0.01805195],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008043676,0.000007712369,0.0002443209,0.0004010752,0.00002483671,0.000186782,0.0001304976,0.0005507004,0.00008347807,0.9496231,0.04872658,0.00001278954],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.007091057,0.04869141,0.5271873,0.1105504,0.01059912,0.0006272477,0.004770905,0.0008198612,0.2896627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5596945,0.0629392,0.2466643,0.04953992,0.01248699,0.002327028,0.003738364,0.0009484364,0.06166133],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03073027,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.102803,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1732879190351021,"score_gpt":0.4376534903414204,"score_spread":0.2643655713063183,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}