{"id":"W4256525284","doi":"10.1002/0471667196.ess4068","title":"Geographic Information Systems","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences","topic":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Raster graphics; Geographic information system; Raster data; Software; Data mining; GIS file format; Spatial analysis; Visualization; Vector map; GIS applications; AM/FM/GIS; Digital mapping; Information system; Database; Information retrieval; Geography; Cartography; Remote sensing; Computer graphics (images); Artificial intelligence; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002873266,0.001033545,0.0009579544,0.009805571,0.002094667,0.0113112,0.002348201,0.001643076,0.2147959],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01338864,0.0004893874,0.0007105952,0.02322806,0.0009003012,0.005785245,0.004154559,0.001365165,0.1444683],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003798124,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007289281,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02135832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009564055,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963149,0.0008828943,0.0005834168,0.000640753,0.001320334,0.0002576767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9930428,0.001067852,0.0004227611,0.001791175,0.003279726,0.0003957262],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003330802,0.00003398836,0.001953461,0.0004980203,0.0000346169,0.00008141976,0.0004560443,0.001125811,0.0001864887,0.07791214,0.7087825,0.2089023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006939305,0.000005875915,0.0005202601,0.0001187167,0.000006700504,0.00005071874,0.0001593759,0.0003382337,0.00009094492,0.006195615,0.9924966,0.00001009257],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.001836152,0.003473831,0.03082773,0.007237261,0.001599646,0.0007103255,0.1456468,0.009504649,0.7991636],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05828164,0.01425448,0.07534867,0.003368791,0.001351045,0.001587326,0.3766314,0.003062054,0.4661145],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2147959,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.718564,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01151156528381592,"score_gpt":0.2828299225383679,"score_spread":0.2713183572545519,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}