{"id":"W4256670485","doi":"10.1002/9781118445112.stat03586","title":"Ruin Theory","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Wiley StatsRef: Statistics Reference Online","topic":"Probability and Risk Models","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Ruin theory; Mathematical economics; Portfolio; Actuarial science; Probability theory; Computer science; Modern portfolio theory; Econometrics; Mathematics; Economics; Financial economics; Risk model; Statistics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.003240543,0.0007751807,0.001380481,0.0007743051,0.0001784423,0.0003202512,0.002418414,0.0007491758,0.02245256],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005515407,0.0005482035,0.0001557238,0.0006031758,0.0007865543,0.0001125389,0.0004764438,0.001007367,0.005606693],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009908865,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005973655,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002913119,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003423626,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9921827,0.001174989,0.001534044,0.001633014,0.002656023,0.0008192326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9920505,0.00313977,0.001227299,0.002556797,0.0005667392,0.0004589394],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004106476,0.0001806277,0.00004759027,0.00004390165,0.00004808161,0.00001845014,0.00007061176,0.00003176495,0.000003931331,0.2413296,0.6413797,0.1168047],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002561314,0.0001051429,0.00006572696,0.0001622404,0.0000420425,0.000003841948,0.00005649092,0.001268462,0.000001617574,0.4521487,0.5454575,0.0004321017],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001881369,0.001461294,0.7060927,0.0001770779,0.001018528,0.0005242237,0.04353666,0.0003268057,0.2468439],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0006054579,0.002146342,0.1771326,0.0005549628,0.0006195783,0.00003070792,0.002799728,0.0005059489,0.8156047],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5687608,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999697,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1443882896752688,"score_gpt":0.4108112718623123,"score_spread":0.2664229821870435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}