{"id":"W4280582827","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2022.102655","title":"Wheat straw biochar amendment significantly reduces nutrient leaching and increases green pepper yield in a less fertile soil","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Technology & Innovation","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of New Brunswick; McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Biochar; Amendment; Agronomy; Soil fertility; Leaching (pedology); Nutrient; Soil water; Environmental science; Soil conditioner; Pepper; Randomized block design; Chemistry; Biology; Horticulture; Soil science; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001449234,0.0004345619,0.000416032,0.0002530217,0.0001374558,0.0003659338,0.000238493,0.0002610322,0.0007010896],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001379319,0.0001924729,0.0003370956,0.0001644688,0.0002183923,0.000223531,0.0002675726,0.0004258345,0.0001214606],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002526047,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002801311,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001695375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002837651,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998703,0.00001745852,0.00001453046,0.000042244,0.00002718052,0.00002823183],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997949,0.00001956819,0.00006521678,0.00001458016,0.00001854931,0.00008712335],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006136438,0.00006683343,0.0003719644,0.00004410945,0.00001273124,0.00002773665,0.000007436956,0.00005844005,0.9979764,0.000008307386,0.00001275883,0.0007997496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006775004,0.00404679,0.0402902,0.00001588956,0.00009117234,0.0001086543,0.00008099374,0.0007702305,0.9531592,0.00005249686,0.001298889,0.00001782796],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990494,0.0002786825,0.000270357,0.00001997828,0.00001315112,0.000009861079,0.0001489698,0.0000246651,0.0001849833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976915,0.0002787002,0.0006873384,0.00005128685,0.00000413556,0.00001437234,0.0002685131,0.00001059979,0.0009934289],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001695375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00337106,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01530388667413244,"score_gpt":0.1970761675034995,"score_spread":0.1817722808293671,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}