{"id":"W4280629063","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2022.04.022","title":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain: What is stimulated? – A consensus and critical position paper","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Clinical Neurophysiology","topic":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":546,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University Health Network","funders":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; Fondation Defitech; H. Lundbeck A/S; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Novo Nordisk; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; National Institutes of Health; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Novo Nordisk Fonden; National Institute of Mental Health; Fondazione Cassa Di Risparmio Di Trento E Rovereto; Lundbeckfonden; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Niedersächsische Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kultur; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Neuroscience; Inhibitory postsynaptic potential; Excitatory postsynaptic potential; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Axon; Depolarization; Stimulus (psychology); Stimulation; White matter; Human brain; Chemistry; Psychology; Biology; Magnetic resonance imaging; Biophysics; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002347239,0.0005169431,0.001961607,0.0001162559,0.0003551431,0.00005367389,0.0005183636,0.0004157067,0.001174743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003912227,0.0003788089,0.0008683621,0.0005658066,0.002308796,0.0001060253,0.0003086833,0.001108699,0.00003334933],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002102853,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001432026,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005916248,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.713846e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9923326,0.003786402,0.001811368,0.00125176,0.000421182,0.0003966636],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9737526,0.02494133,0.0004076349,0.0007002751,0.00007104822,0.0001271237],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004357022,0.0005514804,0.000006534524,0.003363357,0.00004663925,0.00007920666,0.000172813,0.0001109382,0.007264052,0.001270571,0.0002778141,0.9864209],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003267763,0.005645536,0.006152617,0.001966561,0.002282728,0.0002963359,0.00002484749,0.001359693,0.00001110724,0.003735888,0.974245,0.001011949],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0128147,0.974813,0.00001866487,0.005138998,0.004268274,0.002390874,0.0003058405,0.0001147237,0.0001349661],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02780626,0.9653212,0.00004148373,0.006398299,0.0002212057,0.0000597738,0.000008422462,0.00007745904,0.00006585602],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.985409,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998664,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.136461073191384,"score_gpt":0.4102134693808675,"score_spread":0.2737523961894834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}