{"id":"W4281486035","doi":"10.1016/j.cnp.2022.05.002","title":"Non-invasive brain stimulation and neuroenhancement","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Clinical Neurophysiology Practice","topic":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":211,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Medical Research Council; Bayer Vital; European Research Council; The Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; National Health and Medical Research Council; Allergan; Universidade de São Paulo; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo; Alexion Pharmaceuticals; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; National Institutes of Health; Volkswagen Foundation; National Science Foundation; Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; University of Cambridge; National Research Foundation Singapore; CorTec; National Research Foundation; University of Oxford; Janssen Pharmaceuticals; BrainsWay; EU Joint Programme – Neurodegenerative Disease Research; City University of New York; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; GlaxoSmithKline; European Commission; U.S. Department of Defense; Wellcome Trust; National Institute of Mental Health; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A.; Pfizer; Academy of Medical Sciences; Boston Scientific Corporation","keywords":"Stimulation; Transcranial direct-current stimulation; Brain stimulation; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Neuroscience; Human brain; Cognition; Psychology; Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001293603,0.0003954432,0.0006546866,0.0007737764,0.0002100224,0.0009362922,0.0007429364,0.00138279,0.003308102],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001806665,0.0001314957,0.0005182726,0.0004301128,0.001628658,0.0008808232,0.0005964831,0.001120126,0.0009874903],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004717793,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005346893,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037938,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004510358,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988378,0.0003306243,0.0001311966,0.0001820401,0.0004716342,0.00004667878],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986349,0.0009750801,0.0001481308,0.00007108188,0.0001342366,0.0000365085],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004004984,0.0001309097,0.0007616116,0.01806665,0.0001733527,0.0007606556,0.0002432185,0.0006902901,0.04261286,0.02179855,0.01191584,0.9024456],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008017043,0.001132979,0.01053041,0.006393107,0.0002770591,0.0112764,0.0002782432,0.001117267,0.053063,0.04101245,0.8747218,0.000117136],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.005908272,0.9583166,0.01796833,0.003812079,0.001432122,0.00006255104,0.00008184003,0.00009101496,0.01232712],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.099674,0.8607764,0.01623273,0.007077711,0.00375932,0.0002688655,0.0002853169,0.00007772825,0.01184784],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003308102,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01106668,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2311416069864562,"score_gpt":0.4679433310624746,"score_spread":0.2368017240760183,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}