{"id":"W4281486035","doi":"10.1016/j.cnp.2022.05.002","title":"Non-invasive brain stimulation and neuroenhancement","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Clinical Neurophysiology Practice","topic":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":211,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Medical Research Council; Bayer Vital; European Research Council; The Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; National Health and Medical Research Council; Allergan; Universidade de São Paulo; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo; Alexion Pharmaceuticals; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; National Institutes of Health; Volkswagen Foundation; National Science Foundation; Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; University of Cambridge; National Research Foundation Singapore; CorTec; National Research Foundation; University of Oxford; Janssen Pharmaceuticals; BrainsWay; EU Joint Programme – Neurodegenerative Disease Research; City University of New York; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; GlaxoSmithKline; European Commission; U.S. Department of Defense; Wellcome Trust; National Institute of Mental Health; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A.; Pfizer; Academy of Medical Sciences; Boston Scientific Corporation","keywords":"Stimulation; Transcranial direct-current stimulation; Brain stimulation; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Neuroscience; Human brain; Cognition; Psychology; Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004628157,0.0005688089,0.001905893,0.0001562958,0.000477604,0.00005670032,0.0005124582,0.0002463397,0.0003512232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04355735,0.0005121932,0.0004448896,0.0005512989,0.0006443369,0.0002583388,0.0007180359,0.001702131,0.0003573338],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003378665,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002194135,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004722615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.577632e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9914542,0.004380411,0.001569532,0.001781696,0.0003868149,0.0004272805],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9217975,0.07618566,0.001125467,0.0006760251,0.00005547294,0.0001598667],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003421892,0.0006659224,0.000002656323,0.002109047,0.00008800892,0.0005015611,0.00005888128,0.00009827578,0.0009336062,0.0003439103,0.001288156,0.9935678],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007163339,0.001752616,0.0003266767,0.000196538,0.0007523464,0.0001157594,0.000008794856,0.00009075715,0.000001288756,0.00009066991,0.9955601,0.0003880837],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001214349,0.9841259,0.0001224881,0.002290472,0.005327714,0.003608294,0.00009354282,0.0002837002,0.002933589],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005196466,0.989122,0.0001777513,0.009136656,0.0004197239,0.0001960665,0.0000182304,0.00009090361,0.0003189739],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.994272,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999733,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2311416069864562,"score_gpt":0.4679433310624746,"score_spread":0.2368017240760183,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}