{"id":"W4281717138","doi":"10.1061/9780784484258.102","title":"Top Factors Leading to Water Main Failures—An Analysis of 12 Canadian Cities","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2022","topic":"Water Systems and Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Categorical variable; Data collection; Computer science; Random forest; Dimension (graph theory); Water pipe; Engineering; Statistics; Mathematics; Machine learning","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008897981,0.0008845751,0.0007510619,0.004063907,0.003577918,0.001790769,0.001307535,0.0005331714,0.00122329],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002931446,0.0005057578,0.001122799,0.0088514,0.0008820897,0.0004223456,0.0013215,0.0007322489,0.0002308111],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.03486348,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03727819,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9961046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9977804,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988857,0.0000805518,0.00005900054,0.0001908477,0.0004211114,0.0003629286],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968754,0.0003208523,0.0003366672,0.0001306432,0.001871373,0.0004650966],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001281267,0.00006582568,0.9727424,0.00009614663,0.000134127,0.0002219311,0.001478529,0.003509569,0.0005829906,0.0002620857,0.003186889,0.01759133],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004674043,0.00002195598,0.9907449,0.00002347507,0.00004735171,0.00003704127,0.002776553,0.004294571,0.000169929,0.00004728249,0.001803338,0.00002885195],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919782,0.0002338591,0.0005242442,0.0001922638,0.000006601393,0.00008336046,0.005735978,0.00003286779,0.001212737],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9886239,0.0003282802,0.001195604,0.00005736094,0.000004138232,0.00005077761,0.008222965,0.00001997535,0.001496982],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03486348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2529535,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005425468541374943,"score_gpt":0.1606982797997925,"score_spread":0.1552728112584175,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}