{"id":"W4281834526","doi":"10.1080/10447318.2022.2082021","title":"An Empirical Study of Mobile Application Usability: A Unified Hierarchical Approach","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction","topic":"Technology Adoption and User Behaviour","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Usability; Computer science; Human–computer interaction","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002418204,0.0001382769,0.0003514307,0.001155537,0.0001958271,0.0001409729,0.001961103,0.00006647555,0.0004449965],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008791713,0.0001171946,0.0001990478,0.0004175672,0.00008894436,0.000663725,0.0003469167,0.0008113063,0.000009608087],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002435037,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006510593,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003427137,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001179703,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9950545,0.0006945969,0.001553557,0.0003943045,0.002178683,0.0001243678],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967581,0.0002937825,0.001299577,0.0004737469,0.001088836,0.00008593685],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001907872,0.03473744,0.6292111,0.000006170771,0.0005142238,0.0001332021,0.02092671,0.08088275,0.01391384,0.002495981,0.007056441,0.2082143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006921493,0.01641664,0.7552057,0.00002497339,0.0001376931,0.002518112,0.04737097,0.126062,0.001143356,0.01852032,0.02502019,0.0006585642],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9426921,0.00000652291,0.05456364,0.0002806437,0.002025058,0.0002593752,0.000008558291,0.00003265609,0.000131419],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976617,6.862535e-7,0.001726361,0.00013957,0.0003310657,0.00004458743,0.00001409558,0.00001115991,0.00007079438],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2075557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48724,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1193694039316599,"score_gpt":0.4673012089519947,"score_spread":0.3479318050203348,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}