{"id":"W4281860734","doi":"10.3390/e24070985","title":"An Algorithmic Approach to Emergence","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Entropy","topic":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"National Center of Competence in Research Quantum Science and Technology; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","keywords":"Granularity; String (physics); Basis (linear algebra); Theoretical computer science; Computer science; Function (biology); Boundary (topology); Statistical physics; Theoretical physics; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002376494,0.0005574857,0.0004500145,0.001600035,0.001750279,0.004596191,0.001466819,0.002119642,0.0067366],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006263628,0.0003378089,0.001025363,0.0008083355,0.009109125,0.007491423,0.003606508,0.003844472,0.0007975693],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002128604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001690495,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006761289,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008314929,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981039,0.0007726061,0.0001020579,0.0003798814,0.0005083556,0.0001331863],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997157,0.001416946,0.0002453119,0.0006338033,0.0003733592,0.0001735944],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001142254,0.000001887784,0.00003445466,0.000008060803,0.000001670936,0.000007713128,0.0000370226,0.0004944679,0.00004676137,0.9979644,0.0002088923,0.001193582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003296577,0.000004818058,0.00003635073,0.0000108303,0.000001955323,0.00002142442,0.00002923804,0.004891423,0.00007245129,0.9899832,0.004941583,0.000003281284],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.01138768,0.001269767,0.8498853,0.01405039,0.0004333182,0.00009956349,0.000167698,0.0001722291,0.122534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7090701,0.001389488,0.2585256,0.002140115,0.0008130415,0.000523359,0.0002293101,0.0001393632,0.02716962],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0067366,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02253622,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0150655340344998,"score_gpt":0.2495590843141512,"score_spread":0.2344935502796514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}