{"id":"W4283011553","doi":"10.3390/min12060763","title":"Expansion Properties of Cemented Foam Backfill Utilizing Coal Gangue and Fly Ash","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Minerals","topic":"Tailings Management and Properties","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"China University of Mining and Technology; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; Government of Jiangsu Province; National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Carbonation; Fly ash; Materials science; Cement; Volume (thermodynamics); Compressive strength; Foaming agent; Gangue; Ettringite; Coal; Composite material; Brittleness; Lime; Slurry; Metallurgy; Waste management; Portland cement; Porosity","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001289145,0.0001060931,0.0001457718,0.00008421329,0.00008313474,0.00001940483,0.00009251865,0.0000171192,0.0002528251],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009486062,0.00009327403,0.00002861055,0.00008805611,0.00002567633,0.00009793542,0.0001404523,0.00007844295,0.000004204661],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001776843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000430999,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006075079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001514277,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993725,0.00002549035,0.0001826602,0.0001145042,0.00014857,0.0001562505],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998028,0.000007572004,0.00002826987,0.0001193189,0.00001721123,0.000024868],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003444407,0.00002269402,0.0004706585,0.0002768342,0.00004657081,0.000004128387,0.001375761,0.006054317,0.9778752,0.0001074808,0.01126964,0.002462325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001805188,0.0004366132,0.0008138472,0.0002573735,0.00009852486,0.00001310402,0.007995403,0.06733942,0.6735113,0.0001320771,0.2467626,0.0008345664],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888746,0.003516169,0.00003441059,0.0000821444,0.0001827866,0.0001737836,0.000007835789,0.0001266653,0.007001644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957947,0.00007430132,0.000132876,0.00005660208,0.00003358648,0.00003910164,0.00001095116,0.00002181873,0.003836086],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3043639,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3803605,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02760856482635505,"score_gpt":0.1986721528050486,"score_spread":0.1710635879786936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}