{"id":"W4283013046","doi":"10.3390/pr10061192","title":"A Review of Lithium-Ion Battery Thermal Runaway Modeling and Diagnosis Approaches","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Processes","topic":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":262,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Thermal runaway; Battery (electricity); Energy density; Lithium-ion battery; Lithium (medication); Nuclear engineering; Thermal; Reliability engineering; Power (physics); Engineering; Engineering physics; Thermodynamics; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004880374,0.001209668,0.001136647,0.00246655,0.0003299642,0.001067415,0.001253188,0.001017111,0.005219792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008009383,0.0004727179,0.0009887132,0.003239806,0.0002743053,0.002004277,0.0005294356,0.0008898221,0.002484799],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005192732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001189116,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001830675,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001784745,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997546,0.0000263878,0.0000422936,0.00005456647,0.0001059338,0.0000161818],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995981,0.000175569,0.00004822435,0.00001754512,0.0001453778,0.00001512446],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008461956,0.0001154609,0.0004853554,0.03861192,0.0001328902,0.0002438011,0.0001158534,0.005174817,0.004776471,0.009890215,0.02995709,0.9104115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001012252,0.000179532,0.0008404314,0.004957671,0.0002514533,0.0009725914,0.00008716295,0.002600193,0.003045814,0.00432829,0.9826705,0.00005625564],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006303075,0.9905539,0.003280535,0.0002656417,0.0003828116,0.00002025805,0.0001178976,0.00005709135,0.004691533],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.003609059,0.9912362,0.002060469,0.000154832,0.0002689504,0.00002275941,0.0001742795,0.00001197959,0.002461387],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005219792,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01746196,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1488889267268657,"score_gpt":0.3271644556849801,"score_spread":0.1782755289581144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}