{"id":"W4283030915","doi":"10.1093/mnras/stac1715","title":"The observability of galaxy merger signatures in nearby gas-rich spirals","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","topic":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; University of Victoria","funders":"Australian Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; University of Queensland; Harvard University; Simons Foundation; University of Sydney; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Faculty of Arts and Sciences; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Physics; Astrophysics; Galaxy; Asymmetry; Galaxy merger; Kinematics; Coalescence (physics); Observability; Redshift; Observable; Astronomy; Classical mechanics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009057843,0.0002398039,0.0003626713,0.001139074,0.0003435393,0.0006968802,0.0003551921,0.000358687,0.0004599888],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002984601,0.0002845641,0.000370326,0.0006147578,0.0004508969,0.0004046917,0.0006045581,0.0001926595,0.00008386014],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004982325,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001519827,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002139103,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002656643,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997062,0.00008489648,0.0000228162,0.00007693705,0.00006175019,0.00004738684],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984862,0.0005518601,0.0004186184,0.0002137992,0.0001478168,0.0001816698],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004804027,0.00005533517,0.9486858,0.00002833763,0.00009801545,0.00009641638,0.0002254436,0.01654299,0.02792379,0.0003943376,0.00008367387,0.005385501],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003658879,0.000158049,0.9182646,0.000008503048,0.00005573918,0.0003024359,0.0001571191,0.07256376,0.007808155,0.0003473431,0.0002763899,0.00002130659],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995601,0.00002215239,0.0002158265,0.000004880941,4.859498e-7,0.000001180249,0.00005331809,0.00001840137,0.0001236333],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995872,0.000006805364,0.0002608306,0.000001575462,6.80762e-7,8.210523e-7,0.0001282515,0.000002588842,0.00001123687],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002139103,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004790306,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00778717684477425,"score_gpt":0.2012058994428115,"score_spread":0.1934187225980373,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}