{"id":"W4283216174","doi":"10.3390/educsci12060420","title":"Role of Empathy in Engineering Education and Practice in North America","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Education Sciences","topic":"Design Education and Practice","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Empathy; Conceptualization; Engineering ethics; Engineering education; Politics; Discipline; Political science; Poverty; Sociology; Environmental ethics; Public relations; Engineering; Psychology; Social science; Engineering management; Computer science; Social psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004165146,0.00005299721,0.00006526364,0.0003600111,0.00004868618,0.0000275297,0.0001184866,0.000009837463,0.00008780661],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004540491,0.00006250426,0.000007131908,0.0013173,0.00002814058,0.0005142174,0.0000178254,0.0001148214,0.00000433313],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007211894,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000487243,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002543282,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004967029,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993853,0.00007619095,0.0001674208,0.0001196342,0.0001542908,0.00009717204],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947,0.0003304108,0.00005728976,0.00008088203,0.0000286545,0.00003274447],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001774642,0.001720397,0.06807315,0.0001413073,0.00001012025,5.448759e-7,0.1577741,0.1626122,0.005701164,0.003220636,0.002446584,0.5982821],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000187084,0.0001112657,0.3174219,0.0000530569,0.00001207036,0.00005697241,0.3695888,0.02314144,0.0003806551,0.0004643258,0.2881882,0.0003942273],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9774526,0.004029479,0.00005206846,0.0008256755,0.000925855,0.0001515472,0.000001719077,0.00002635101,0.01653474],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966751,0.0001489717,0.002833928,0.0001370933,0.00002725597,0.0001056013,0.000004490159,0.000005044788,0.00006252924],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5978879,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.254885,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01335227273730737,"score_gpt":0.2975902473210643,"score_spread":0.2842379745837569,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}