{"id":"W4283271081","doi":"10.1200/op.21.00909","title":"Clinical Benefit and Expedited Approval of Cancer Drugs in the United States, European Union, Switzerland, Japan, Canada, and Australia","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JCO Oncology Practice","topic":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","keywords":"Medicine; Orphan drug; European union; Cancer drugs; Food and drug administration; Family medicine; Cancer; Environmental health; Business; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01037272,0.0001813247,0.0003649095,0.006374905,0.0004979154,0.001375958,0.0005597086,0.0004156063,0.001737856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04276467,0.0002657566,0.0006559567,0.006842838,0.0006645657,0.0008988382,0.0008626526,0.0008119115,0.0002125341],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005244582,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009291485,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0909311,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1099046,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9878179,0.003130554,0.001761692,0.001677579,0.004634177,0.0009780776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8736135,0.03094769,0.06799968,0.002344015,0.02158705,0.003508115],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"evaluation","domain_candidate":"evaluation","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006222563,0.0000961882,0.9311207,0.001131711,0.0002727052,0.0003886723,0.001724772,0.001808088,0.001082278,0.001953785,0.006911016,0.05288782],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002032994,0.00008768478,0.9850717,0.0001309751,0.00009876017,0.0002694098,0.0003180108,0.0009644917,0.0005490312,0.0001248995,0.01234727,0.00001741391],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9653282,0.01085156,0.001237844,0.001739505,0.00005917951,0.0002361784,0.006571524,0.00009420367,0.01388184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925559,0.001788283,0.001657228,0.0004233041,0.00005568848,0.0001180428,0.001992408,0.00002338672,0.001385661],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9896273,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1808037,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3018887390168354,"score_gpt":0.4807310736634052,"score_spread":0.1788423346465698,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}