{"id":"W4283458595","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24515","title":"Effect of turbulence intensity and surface tension on the emulsification process and its stationary state—A numerical study","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Volume of fluid method; Turbulence kinetic energy; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Direct numerical simulation; Surface tension; Homogeneous isotropic turbulence; Scale (ratio); Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003382226,0.0003843665,0.0005296138,0.0005992142,0.0004608694,0.0006398845,0.0004120193,0.0007659288,0.0008033775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001467542,0.0001838964,0.0005445342,0.000441774,0.0007219507,0.0003873535,0.0003991027,0.0004548567,0.00007050548],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004314067,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000378888,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007211068,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002233583,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998939,0.00002569345,0.000007058703,0.00001630197,0.00002249264,0.00003457775],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999087,0.0005757408,0.0001372897,0.00004811294,0.00009479573,0.00005707955],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002969716,0.0002379718,0.008206044,0.000136635,0.00006609574,0.000484592,0.0001209254,0.9513361,0.02839511,0.006217618,0.0002463026,0.004255584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001915581,0.00006289425,0.001282447,0.000009292893,0.00001228432,0.00002020546,0.00002487884,0.9954074,0.002784987,0.0002458999,0.00011854,0.00001200644],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9878095,0.0002828245,0.00773379,0.0001018958,0.00002289643,0.00002166681,0.00009834178,0.00006198986,0.003867122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977043,0.00009397596,0.001776951,0.00001319921,0.000005691307,0.00001563365,0.00004300134,0.000009483067,0.0003378059],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007211068,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0143382,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004778031548668923,"score_gpt":0.1891555206626963,"score_spread":0.1843774891140274,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}