{"id":"W4283704156","doi":"10.1177/01655515221097623","title":"Do retraction practices work effectively? Evidence from citations of psychological retracted articles","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Information Science","topic":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"National Social Science Fund of China; Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","keywords":"Citation; Credibility; Quality (philosophy); Psychology; Inference; Web of science; Process (computing); Computer science; MEDLINE; World Wide Web; Political science; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"}],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0142042,0.00005335016,0.0001246161,0.0003706208,0.0009486826,0.0001649294,0.0006367729,0.0001397471,0.0005080418],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02875283,0.00004504149,0.00006147321,0.00231878,0.0004764455,0.009855596,0.00005092966,0.001510138,0.00001655626],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002367991,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004343524,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003056212,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008619556,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966473,0.0004980562,0.0006264657,0.00008125265,0.001983992,0.0001629282],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9939916,0.002010332,0.002681553,0.00009941132,0.001116284,0.0001008295],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002224311,0.0006200722,0.1937134,0.00003393719,0.00007904367,0.0000151853,0.4938135,0.004738995,0.03737299,0.03401929,0.0231798,0.2101895],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005088668,0.0008146914,0.857434,0.0002517309,0.0000532929,0.00005642846,0.1025342,0.0005857137,0.003114277,0.0104545,0.0239551,0.0002372344],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9875714,0.00008106076,0.003816769,0.002750436,0.001033919,0.0001157336,0.000007217382,0.00001187499,0.00461158],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956241,0.0001530779,0.003873381,0.000212509,0.0001156797,0.000003048769,7.535018e-7,0.000001083157,0.0000163581],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6637206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9794284,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09565337181427233,"score_gpt":0.4232145193544133,"score_spread":0.327561147540141,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}