{"id":"W4283748420","doi":"10.3390/buildings12070925","title":"Nature-Based Solutions (NBSs) to Mitigate Urban Heat Island (UHI) Effects in Canadian Cities","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Buildings","topic":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":114,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; National Research Council Canada","funders":"Infrastructure Canada","keywords":"Urban heat island; Environmental science; Population; Climate change; Environmental resource management; Environmental planning; Geography; Meteorology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002955728,0.0001361386,0.0001259696,0.0002069345,0.0004253248,0.00003663489,0.0002412547,0.00006969837,0.001301084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006955238,0.0001527946,0.00004539455,0.0005589676,0.00006347826,0.0001083249,0.0001372554,0.0003206776,0.0001316043],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001337002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009443801,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2266885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3902097,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985437,0.00007808876,0.0001440042,0.0003340556,0.000293242,0.000606925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994122,0.00006407928,0.0000190532,0.0002052873,0.00000474917,0.0002946772],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002956678,0.00005651973,0.7473895,0.00002206137,0.000008479953,0.00008074697,0.003406453,0.0210472,0.02132301,0.001547661,0.2046876,0.0004012022],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001403451,0.0003383296,0.5796886,0.00006715364,0.00002540264,0.0000216032,0.000280665,0.006728293,0.008749332,0.00136765,0.4005467,0.0007828172],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9926403,0.0001066131,0.00009866523,0.002167933,0.0002787228,0.0004857707,0.00007591117,0.00004392078,0.004102137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952065,5.927407e-7,0.0003707377,0.00331996,0.00003894656,0.0001465039,0.00003055594,0.00001974205,0.0008665092],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1958591,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996119,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004568227785294126,"score_gpt":0.195208207895181,"score_spread":0.1906399801098869,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}