{"id":"W4283803713","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2022.104724","title":"Electrified ammonia production as a commodity and energy storage medium to connect the food, energy, and trade sectors","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"iScience","topic":"Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Ammonia; Production (economics); Energy storage; Commodity; Business; Commerce; Ammonia production; Environmental economics; Commodity chemicals; Natural resource economics; Industrial organization; Environmental science; Economics; Chemistry; Power (physics); Microeconomics; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003902121,0.0003428652,0.000193148,0.0004157331,0.0002544328,0.0006544486,0.0007266734,0.0005080219,0.005554013],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007747901,0.000177633,0.0003453444,0.0005649975,0.0004630388,0.001530218,0.0006530957,0.0004505925,0.000269976],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009707966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004686829,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00307218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006022731,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997688,0.00007680082,0.000006827833,0.00003500273,0.00006812214,0.00004445908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994994,0.0002977444,0.000051216,0.00003512409,0.00008964693,0.000026795],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006895687,0.0001969693,0.01824295,0.0002970519,0.0001290192,0.001772163,0.00009033484,0.900292,0.03463665,0.01459968,0.0009798266,0.02807382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001738702,0.001111923,0.01408813,0.00005627549,0.0001277419,0.0004631404,0.0008683506,0.8911508,0.06714506,0.01493003,0.009823054,0.00006161869],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9684739,0.0001128399,0.01230439,0.0001671057,0.00002334249,0.0000706934,0.0003696003,0.00006020988,0.01841794],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960428,0.00008920825,0.001906369,0.00001625558,0.000002031983,0.00003000593,0.0000854407,0.000005881089,0.001822002],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005554013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01858002,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01224277370178912,"score_gpt":0.2084396889754228,"score_spread":0.1961969152736337,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}