{"id":"W4285172514","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4159439","title":"Methane Slip Reduction of Conventional Dual-Fuel Natural Gas Diesel Engine Using Direct Fuel Injection Management and Alternative Combustion Modes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Automotive engineering; Diesel fuel; Combustion; Natural gas; Dual (grammatical number); Methane; Fuel injection; Homogeneous charge compression ignition; Internal combustion engine; Diesel engine; Waste management; Environmental science; Petroleum engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Combustion chamber; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001111052,0.000289211,0.0002962863,0.0003128803,0.0002503994,0.0002435703,0.0002788566,0.0002182918,0.001118723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009497284,0.0001190199,0.0003213553,0.0001705604,0.0001327452,0.0002535126,0.0001886312,0.0001907195,0.0001181276],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001939393,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002131888,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001971641,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004983246,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999216,0.000006477065,0.000003863282,0.00001426116,0.000033088,0.0000207079],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999962,0.000008013082,0.000007298896,0.000002291423,0.00001524475,0.00000518968],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005812726,0.0003085413,0.004872868,0.0007206497,0.00006308793,0.0002203439,0.0001165941,0.005067182,0.9462046,0.0003375651,0.0003601675,0.03591573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007811309,0.002210815,0.03094948,0.00002110785,0.0001205434,0.0000826397,0.0002322822,0.0203613,0.9439571,0.0001007952,0.001860287,0.00002558875],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974126,0.0005010145,0.0006126404,0.00002406076,0.00002185127,0.00000494173,0.00004811658,0.00002265582,0.001352147],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987633,0.000165532,0.0002482757,0.000005750654,0.000002808402,0.000002897233,0.0000437403,0.00000299919,0.0007646158],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001971641,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003920376,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01111338743722648,"score_gpt":0.2456841467679073,"score_spread":0.2345707593306808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}