{"id":"W4285405215","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2022.07.002","title":"Energy storage systems: a review","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Energy Storage and Saving","topic":"Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems","field":"Energy","cited_by":831,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Natural resource economics; Environmental science; Greenhouse gas; Energy storage; Environmental economics; Wind power; Engineering; Economics; Ecology; Power (physics)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014283,0.001772871,0.005737584,0.0008502191,0.0007896227,0.0003029908,0.001360391,0.0006616354,0.001152145],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002003653,0.001591953,0.001247455,0.001470204,0.0001352587,0.0003429624,0.0009590865,0.0009008392,0.00004374867],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001148989,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007081243,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02115817,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001041857,"domain_scores_codex":[0.990155,0.00290228,0.002408857,0.001978564,0.001229618,0.001325632],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9947497,0.0008375685,0.00158238,0.002146363,0.00006882742,0.0006151347],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004016746,0.00006533766,1.977864e-7,0.03866089,0.0006974123,0.001315041,0.00004414373,0.001417746,9.154552e-7,0.01890019,0.01541402,0.9234801],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002034365,0.00007579337,6.110407e-8,0.04848861,0.001132758,0.001138925,0.0000604227,0.0003013315,3.670296e-7,0.0000230503,0.9469997,0.001575599],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[6.951771e-7,0.962874,0.0007777773,0.00001777267,0.00359176,0.0003485584,0.00008268703,0.0005055367,0.03180122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00005223958,0.9502047,0.00003754102,0.0004455061,0.001878992,0.001767157,0.001008662,0.0005526064,0.04405258],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9315856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997609,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03576979555718832,"score_gpt":0.2706986833044818,"score_spread":0.2349288877472935,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}