{"id":"W4285464682","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14668821","title":"Steps toward universalism in immigration policies : Canada and Germany","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Global Political and Economic Relations","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Naturalization; Immigration; Appeal; Universalism; Political science; Emigration; Citizenship; Salary; Multiculturalism; Politics; Political economy; Sociology; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001039373,0.00006912502,0.0001266073,0.0000339459,0.00008828039,0.00009768975,0.00008754036,0.0001302054,0.0001848866],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004088911,0.00007252528,0.00002413723,0.00005439428,0.00008611637,0.00008066563,0.0001365481,0.0001487394,0.000002545892],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004479511,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001309677,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9981999,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9987646,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993468,0.00006457068,0.0001437271,0.0001590812,0.00009192816,0.0001939183],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997013,0.00004910757,0.00003326419,0.00007790275,0.00003245448,0.0001060308],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001574919,0.00001681568,0.01831065,0.0000308831,0.0000272788,0.00001572753,0.02644899,0.0004184245,0.000002970002,0.948236,0.005805824,0.0006848014],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003632032,0.000009508456,0.5452427,0.0001341722,0.00005085436,0.000002022551,0.2114772,0.001637036,0.00001768622,0.07183772,0.168384,0.0008439124],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8077253,0.00009483421,0.00002465398,0.01574117,0.0003140371,0.00009794465,0.00001856263,0.00001407623,0.1759694],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948025,0.0002253249,0.00005569538,0.0004542962,0.00007919314,0.000003200798,0.00001768004,0.000002369776,0.004359755],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8763983,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2957495,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02056228778748974,"score_gpt":0.264379828658641,"score_spread":0.2438175408711512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}