{"id":"W4285464983","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14638899.v1","title":"Foreign Direct Investment and Customs Union: Incentives for Multilateral Tariff Cooperation over Free Trade","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Tariff; Foreign direct investment; International economics; Customs union; Incentive; Investment (military); International free trade agreement; International trade; European union; Business; Economics; Free trade; Market economy; Macroeconomics; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002770881,0.000349991,0.0006270625,0.0004298521,0.001011821,0.00283312,0.0007786175,0.001757052,0.0141668],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008291002,0.0002451275,0.0005509684,0.000565134,0.002908618,0.002779309,0.002045512,0.001971451,0.0003474225],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002850553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001622643,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002542082,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002887212,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985649,0.0006171237,0.00004592826,0.0001818158,0.0001613822,0.0004287894],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9924004,0.004197817,0.001946905,0.0003821116,0.0002807782,0.000792039],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005309626,0.0001999232,0.006837574,0.0001266112,0.00004558189,0.0003628806,0.0004669909,0.04241904,0.002642615,0.9304916,0.001089946,0.01478639],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002251119,0.0003071441,0.009474868,0.0001079789,0.00007437213,0.0002733313,0.001058483,0.07750763,0.002114987,0.903277,0.005517325,0.00006185749],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8251348,0.0003920996,0.0446384,0.002908691,0.00005398345,0.00008111708,0.0001494978,0.00006638792,0.126575],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950529,0.00007653265,0.001429031,0.00007468388,0.000009921535,0.00001862585,0.0000124877,0.000004411081,0.003321464],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0141668,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04739267,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0538361114717706,"score_gpt":0.2222917011698901,"score_spread":0.1684555896981195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}