{"id":"W4285593721","doi":"10.26434/chemrxiv-2022-fgq9l","title":"Characterizing the Behavior of Bitumen-Water Systems with the Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Difference (HLD) Framework","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"ChemRxiv","topic":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Syncrude (Canada); University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Asphaltene; Asphalt; Emulsion; Pulmonary surfactant; Chemistry; Surface tension; Chemical engineering; Solvent; Microemulsion; Hexadecane; Naphthenic acid; Chromatography; Phase inversion; Phase (matter); Organic chemistry; Materials science; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Membrane","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018744,0.0003807926,0.0002337334,0.0002537015,0.0001695138,0.0002581007,0.0002092551,0.0002709285,0.0009218683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003045422,0.0001386849,0.0001971709,0.0002714689,0.0002421008,0.0004078714,0.0003053725,0.000605606,0.0002896305],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003155091,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001445001,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007733282,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001374149,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998821,0.0000105013,0.00000954706,0.00003459922,0.00003640849,0.00002688288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998831,0.00003870389,0.00003475988,0.000007059918,0.00002237125,0.0000138985],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000210515,0.000008513481,0.0001804709,0.00005585133,0.000003877298,0.00002085905,0.00002350114,0.00008090973,0.9984229,0.00008823266,0.00001191829,0.0010819],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003263181,0.0001088914,0.001176607,0.00000526971,0.000008259765,0.00002902872,0.00002865085,0.001002115,0.9965733,0.00003711088,0.001021799,0.000005751692],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927408,0.001523239,0.004181877,0.00003946033,0.00002127366,0.00005178837,0.0002863439,0.0000714548,0.001083828],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934978,0.00106081,0.004145059,0.00003876437,0.000006869531,0.00005945687,0.0002931495,0.00001945325,0.0008785921],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009218683,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003084004,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01709537485897462,"score_gpt":0.238725898176787,"score_spread":0.2216305233178124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}