{"id":"W4285795214","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2022.848696","title":"The Directionality of the Relationship Between Executive Functions and Language Skills: A Literature Review","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Frontiers in Psychology","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Psychology; Language development; Developmental psychology; Affect (linguistics); Executive functions; Psychological intervention; Language acquisition; Cognitive psychology; Cognition; Mathematics education; Communication","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001487357,0.0002997788,0.001059005,0.0002346135,0.0003210479,0.0000206797,0.000547792,0.0002746757,0.0001299536],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006222821,0.0001764675,0.0003347879,0.001361515,0.0002810989,0.00003578205,0.000127899,0.001451211,0.00001111881],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001199326,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008343862,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001366706,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004660411,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9956313,0.002511508,0.0008904535,0.0004961042,0.0001795973,0.0002910346],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965751,0.001832568,0.0005915537,0.0009242204,0.00002964985,0.00004697255],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007165491,0.00005012262,0.02753503,0.002155147,0.0002189749,0.00000605462,0.001752969,5.888562e-9,1.481776e-9,0.0004858161,0.2114698,0.7563189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001529892,0.00001911086,0.03358224,0.009413931,0.0002698245,0.0001071843,0.0002834127,1.30274e-8,2.799047e-9,0.001035977,0.9549772,0.0001581427],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001068218,0.9781724,0.00007775574,0.000477971,0.005850208,0.0009368032,0.0002243899,0.00002155919,0.01422826],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00001560156,0.9862795,0.0001698434,0.000282271,0.0001329324,0.00070054,0.0002196869,0.00003168551,0.01216789],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7561608,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7196136,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04414744614679948,"score_gpt":0.3918708713310567,"score_spread":0.3477234251842572,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}