{"id":"W4285796201","doi":"10.3390/buildings12071043","title":"Predictive Analytics for Early-Stage Construction Costs Estimation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Buildings","topic":"BIM and Construction Integration","field":"Engineering","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Predictive analytics; Analytics; Computer science; Activity-based costing; Cost estimate; Implementation; Data science; Estimation; Software analytics; Risk analysis (engineering); Engineering; Software; Business; Software engineering; Systems engineering; Marketing; Software development","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0240137,0.001442307,0.001373243,0.01892368,0.0004997368,0.004874256,0.00191942,0.0008215988,0.003423065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1095809,0.0006866254,0.002457897,0.01806808,0.0008352228,0.005992233,0.001711763,0.001719585,0.0008101352],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001867011,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005525598,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005445733,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008568063,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9821238,0.008987505,0.001818045,0.001158685,0.005595988,0.0003160043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8551826,0.115554,0.008970231,0.004869443,0.01510966,0.0003140553],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001898127,0.0001429803,0.02595638,0.0380356,0.001483011,0.0002766283,0.002139824,0.02923277,0.001729283,0.059296,0.01033193,0.8311858],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001542382,0.001048272,0.07936514,0.1268738,0.006033116,0.001484923,0.01300794,0.1462501,0.01476416,0.263795,0.3464966,0.0007269101],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06598195,0.1959243,0.6769562,0.007063997,0.0007233084,0.002012208,0.01371479,0.001674043,0.03594922],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5259197,0.1087378,0.3525744,0.0008836657,0.000366517,0.001912372,0.007510188,0.0002745947,0.001820559],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0240137,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1269981,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008180053047348129,"score_gpt":0.2175271943479367,"score_spread":0.2093471413005886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}