{"id":"W4285820556","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4166081","title":"Alkaline Fermentation of Refinery Waste Activated Sludge Mediated by Refinery Spent Caustic for Volatile Fatty Acid Production","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Refinery; Waste management; Fermentation; Pulp and paper industry; Activated sludge; Chemistry; Environmental science; Production (economics); Wastewater; Food science; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002504954,0.0004795708,0.0005583588,0.0002474772,0.0002134699,0.0004979159,0.0002198978,0.0003466921,0.000658275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002331165,0.0001686,0.0005972391,0.00041988,0.0001980884,0.0003369612,0.000434068,0.0004578645,0.0002156268],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002824453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004877499,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001957194,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004249451,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998084,0.00003300928,0.00001815451,0.00002273958,0.00005395463,0.00006375844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999187,0.00001606439,0.00002000837,0.000007698126,0.00001929596,0.00001819742],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001864651,0.00003246757,0.0002432851,0.0000470211,0.000009840004,0.00006528445,0.00004263474,0.0001178694,0.9977978,0.00004199713,0.00001314594,0.001402186],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007730843,0.0002300812,0.002002311,0.00000713525,0.00002653452,0.00005682403,0.00007776129,0.0005088614,0.9967159,0.0000164297,0.0003444938,0.000006022768],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983106,0.0002740223,0.0007772889,0.00002745545,0.00001291059,0.0000106657,0.0000433608,0.00001081256,0.0005328708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984885,0.0003016931,0.0004748612,0.000007186216,0.00000258524,0.000003393589,0.00005977744,0.000005972396,0.0006558649],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001957194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003891587,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00890473573981377,"score_gpt":0.2197889863056878,"score_spread":0.210884250565874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}