{"id":"W4286210479","doi":"10.3390/jrfm15070315","title":"The Impact of Vertical Theories of Harm on Investor Returns: An Event Study of US Vertical Mergers","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of risk and financial management","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Harm; Liberian dollar; Horizontal and vertical; Competition (biology); Vertical integration; Bargaining power; Vertical restraints; Event study; Economics; Monetary economics; Position (finance); Market power; Abnormal return; Consumer welfare; Business; Welfare; Industrial organization; Market economy; Microeconomics; Monopoly; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003303505,0.0002671296,0.0003919496,0.0009051805,0.0005786634,0.001433024,0.0003412144,0.0005851915,0.002016955],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01115148,0.00009135485,0.000528469,0.0008512642,0.0013073,0.00176933,0.001231804,0.001389858,0.0001491727],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000961692,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003380234,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002429059,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001941477,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985883,0.0008029786,0.00007334756,0.00008809954,0.0002371684,0.0002101913],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9734138,0.01767948,0.00635332,0.0009044941,0.000920303,0.0007286073],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004667175,0.003620497,0.8176807,0.0001182538,0.0005640963,0.001250102,0.001871148,0.02257415,0.00301126,0.09614686,0.002480248,0.04601557],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000273779,0.00345514,0.8539268,0.00006256803,0.0003617358,0.0004378644,0.00522142,0.07865449,0.00386242,0.04977164,0.003878856,0.00009328863],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946149,0.00017501,0.0007735463,0.0003108273,0.000006914833,0.0000143926,0.00004331092,0.00000455262,0.004056639],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994298,0.00007633615,0.00009381038,0.00003971985,0.00001755426,0.000003967765,0.00003122545,0.000001176557,0.0003065596],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003303505,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01747084,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01202483404795194,"score_gpt":0.2428431311707994,"score_spread":0.2308182971228475,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}