{"id":"W4286229297","doi":"10.22456/2448-3923.118271","title":"CORRUPTION, UNDERDEVELOPMENT AND THE MASSES IN AFRICA","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos","topic":"Corruption and Economic Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Underdevelopment; Elite; Language change; Scholarship; Political economy; Agency (philosophy); Perspective (graphical); Political science; Politics; Development economics; Sociology; Economics; Social science; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001521926,0.0002337446,0.0002878952,0.001704967,0.005788715,0.005580929,0.0002255754,0.001247629,0.002456307],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002946894,0.0001488101,0.0001064065,0.002348074,0.01247484,0.003834405,0.003596549,0.001719004,0.0001040248],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003936714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002408777,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00672362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01164607,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978245,0.001497305,0.00004143192,0.00005603852,0.0001644714,0.0004161858],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983852,0.0008322863,0.0004663679,0.00003806509,0.00007660215,0.0002013929],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004983201,0.0001054549,0.01640239,0.0002478091,0.000009895596,0.00217796,0.2249792,0.0003200652,0.0004748523,0.7262654,0.003581636,0.02538556],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003860651,0.0001910458,0.05915239,0.002394508,0.00002511349,0.002558902,0.4908233,0.0008545227,0.0006474255,0.2081432,0.2351255,0.00004554254],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7846211,0.03401224,0.0005072074,0.04697802,0.0001743895,0.00003356965,0.00002239187,0.000004860214,0.1336462],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9918669,0.006045362,0.00005715814,0.0003870744,0.00005001809,0.000007267612,0.000001989048,0.000001397893,0.00158293],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00672362,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02856296,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03488263083423503,"score_gpt":0.2794762148743867,"score_spread":0.2445935840401517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}