{"id":"W4287583147","doi":"10.4271/2022-01-0520","title":"A Study of Combustion Inefficiencies in SI Engines Powered by Alcohol and Ether Fuels Using Detailed Emission Speciation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SAE technical papers on CD-ROM/SAE technical paper series","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Combustion; Alcohol; Ether; Genetic algorithm; Environmental science; Process engineering; Waste management; Automotive engineering; Materials science; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Engineering; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005961899,0.0005987053,0.0008828884,0.0004766132,0.0002771392,0.00003072138,0.0007300138,0.0004280421,0.0002160959],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001279925,0.0005752145,0.0001518825,0.001547589,0.0003623857,0.0003572971,0.0008156981,0.001475734,0.000002811297],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005673536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000395572,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003520537,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018745,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962285,0.0001397473,0.001139468,0.0009248311,0.0009309627,0.0006365465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981039,0.0004663369,0.0003314663,0.0008678065,0.00008995635,0.0001405504],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002315141,0.0009052106,0.0009011114,0.00004259377,0.00002606328,0.00002194496,0.00013835,0.01389893,0.9810445,0.001527938,0.0001300616,0.001131803],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00474684,0.003431457,0.9693431,0.0003187025,0.0001533458,0.0001245483,0.006157286,0.00008816013,0.008272468,0.002373149,0.003370046,0.001620904],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950731,0.0004209167,0.00002881767,0.0004318867,0.00009971387,0.001101527,0.0000473705,0.001712357,0.001084283],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964635,0.00008344938,0.002758229,0.0001093221,0.00002820918,0.0002875907,0.00003558629,0.0001021062,0.000132055],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.972772,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996699,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01875826540570849,"score_gpt":0.2638063522189005,"score_spread":0.245048086813192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}