{"id":"W4287604551","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10795-y","title":"Detection of astrophysical tau neutrino candidates in IceCube","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The European Physical Journal C","topic":"Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Snolab","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Office of Polar Programs; College of Engineering, Michigan State University; Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics; Services Fédéraux des Affaires Scientifiques, Techniques et Culturelles; Chiba University; Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University; RWTH Aachen University; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse; Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Marsden Fund; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; Danmarks Grundforskningsfond; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; National Science Foundation; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; University of Oxford; Western Canada Research Grid; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; Polarforskningssekretariatet; Villum Fonden; National Research Foundation of Korea; Inoue Foundation for Science; Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; Compute Canada; Marquette University; Vetenskapsrådet; U.S. Department of Energy; University of Wisconsin-Madison; National Research Foundation; Michigan State University","keywords":"Neutrino; Physics; Cosmic ray; Tau neutrino; Particle physics; COSMIC cancer database; Neutrino astronomy; Neutrino oscillation; Neutrino detector; Lepton; Cosmic neutrino background; Sky; Mixing (physics); Flux (metallurgy); Astrophysics; Nuclear physics; Electron","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003073572,0.0001502698,0.0002238327,0.00005388129,0.0003307517,0.00003845149,0.0004422795,0.000003440493,0.00002515162],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001691559,0.0001121134,0.0001942172,0.0003157177,0.00008057192,0.00009913332,0.0002950856,0.0007970582,0.00002657806],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005010406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000371416,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006345,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.428211e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983864,0.0005851868,0.0002744237,0.0001611827,0.0003123915,0.0002803536],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993884,0.00006066039,0.0002407416,0.000197632,0.00003525198,0.00007731761],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003254582,0.002089834,0.001830313,0.000008606087,0.0002144235,0.0000472184,0.002658225,0.01557267,0.4873099,0.01436193,0.00119032,0.4743911],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01118378,0.005088081,0.1523885,0.0001342042,0.0004980492,0.0001318067,0.01247735,0.01104219,0.06317879,0.7325277,0.008860304,0.002489226],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9686679,0.0000151758,0.001386327,0.00008960236,0.0001386874,0.00009048072,0.00002488518,0.000009617081,0.02957737],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983411,8.735177e-7,0.00001609419,0.00002076167,0.001486303,0.000007771808,0.000004872705,0.00003032317,0.00009182962],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7181658,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4571853,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007320269693435829,"score_gpt":0.2106638304677556,"score_spread":0.2033435607743198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}