{"id":"W4287833015","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.2c02896","title":"Rethinking Subthreshold Effects in Regulatory Chemical Risk Assessments","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology; Government of Jiangsu Province; ExxonMobil Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Library science; Geography; Forestry; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006085093,0.0001428207,0.0001330392,0.0002714711,0.0003757354,0.00001450959,0.0006199867,0.0001166751,0.00006887288],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002560603,0.0001592064,0.00005161999,0.000514728,0.0007612077,0.000008006959,0.001497656,0.0003856955,0.0000063236],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004209973,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000716216,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001636923,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001025832,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998245,0.00005345413,0.0001781967,0.0006558013,0.0004275024,0.0004400615],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993291,0.000007695704,0.00009210253,0.0005040235,0.000003127756,0.0000638929],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001594105,0.0001361275,0.1057564,0.000001893282,0.000005496619,0.00001608745,0.00004008664,0.0002349341,0.8901345,0.0001945438,0.00003711387,0.003426922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005968567,0.000464205,0.08100002,0.000003904432,0.000008751065,0.00005952055,0.0003274959,0.0002470225,0.9117476,0.001886072,0.003396855,0.0002616823],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986781,0.0003122352,0.0001597205,0.0001151364,0.0001451354,0.0002600724,0.00001642914,0.00002322862,0.000289892],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985964,0.00004075728,0.0009333456,0.0001655381,0.00002468182,0.0001156229,0.00002335514,0.00001402751,0.00008629809],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02475635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6492249,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004852031595242797,"score_gpt":0.232428208033853,"score_spread":0.2275761764386102,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}