{"id":"W4288074822","doi":"10.1136/bmj-2021-069679","title":"Burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its attributable risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BMJ","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":854,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation","keywords":"COPD; Medicine; Population; Demography; Disease burden; Burden of disease; Mortality rate; Pulmonary disease; Years of potential life lost; Environmental health; Life expectancy; Surgery; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002363736,0.0004139679,0.0007559209,0.002030894,0.0002103637,0.0006180462,0.0003937591,0.0004093358,0.0008935665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003383629,0.0002517118,0.002981689,0.004605367,0.0001733209,0.0005164125,0.00076561,0.0005245371,0.000431298],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001254461,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00181132,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08148715,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1079069,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987127,0.0003411971,0.0002537146,0.0001710522,0.0004091356,0.0001121814],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984289,0.0001832373,0.0006372101,0.00006982078,0.0005850355,0.00009581597],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004986674,0.00003326149,0.9376088,0.004285506,0.006136279,0.0001678402,0.0002942517,0.001524568,0.0003460467,0.0002495313,0.01766628,0.0311888],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004810593,0.00005024318,0.9874134,0.0008750662,0.001324791,0.0002038985,0.0001953801,0.0003448097,0.00009475875,0.00007378124,0.009356249,0.00001951759],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4450313,0.170304,0.002224911,0.004405949,0.0003968824,0.0003196152,0.3709946,0.0001439369,0.006178714],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.827282,0.04296323,0.001711904,0.0008659928,0.0001958532,0.0003591188,0.1254835,0.00002773215,0.001110647],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08148715,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1620257,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01589236922469009,"score_gpt":0.2921585532080624,"score_spread":0.2762661839833723,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}