{"id":"W4290467239","doi":"10.3390/app12157898","title":"Distributed Ledger Technologies and Their Applications: A Review","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Applied Sciences","topic":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Cistel Technology (Canada); Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Distributed ledger; Blockchain; Computer science; Data science; Computer security","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002140085,0.0009584091,0.001869331,0.008594728,0.0005756525,0.001886825,0.001240931,0.001695122,0.004692153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005809678,0.0006141008,0.001417989,0.008427059,0.0008196793,0.002753731,0.001039821,0.001603239,0.001247563],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001639261,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005343087,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003422925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005308853,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989902,0.0002210973,0.0002385596,0.0001392098,0.0003489644,0.00006202952],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9935945,0.004884096,0.0005521484,0.00009699522,0.0007445305,0.0001276526],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007351812,0.0000724796,0.0003891134,0.1898094,0.0003266374,0.0002204157,0.0002521217,0.0005548574,0.0006582522,0.009044368,0.01530643,0.7832925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002752685,0.0001535389,0.001459926,0.09475916,0.0008653225,0.001171581,0.0002729094,0.0001522715,0.0005150838,0.004457574,0.8961177,0.00004743774],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00006008281,0.9990944,0.00008672238,0.0001642476,0.00005261282,0.000007901402,0.0000133038,0.000003351827,0.0005175191],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000552653,0.9990253,0.0001539757,0.00009934046,0.00003628727,0.00001099466,0.0000149416,0.000001274056,0.0001051868],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008594728,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01569688,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04507973865758141,"score_gpt":0.3029840050605259,"score_spread":0.2579042664029444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}