{"id":"W4290964032","doi":"10.1007/s11340-022-00879-x","title":"Why Is It So Challenging to Measure Residual Stresses ?","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Experimental Mechanics","topic":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","field":"Engineering","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Los Alamos National Laboratory; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; European Commission; National Nuclear Security Administration; Henry Royce Institute; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Residual stress; Measure (data warehouse); Residual; Solid mechanics; Computer science; Stress (linguistics); Artificial intelligence; Materials science; Data mining; Algorithm","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005772043,0.0008101013,0.001733405,0.002274579,0.0005223244,0.002357512,0.002792416,0.002531622,0.002691749],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006740474,0.0006887646,0.0008848985,0.002356489,0.00272492,0.002679497,0.0007569819,0.002529327,0.00290977],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009168805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001865312,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001993383,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003084952,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9959524,0.0009021401,0.0002936897,0.0007859025,0.001913908,0.0001520167],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9899371,0.005813664,0.001249874,0.0003672252,0.002493035,0.0001391636],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001165445,0.00009899642,0.001904277,0.05850974,0.0001959496,0.0002713437,0.0006144,0.001292114,0.01846337,0.02015329,0.02108999,0.87729],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002094729,0.0004525762,0.006954424,0.02027635,0.0003230328,0.002982381,0.002066795,0.001226868,0.02493536,0.02503727,0.9155374,0.0001865079],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001656145,0.9839724,0.007848727,0.002647703,0.0006543208,0.00003227806,0.00009411128,0.00004308827,0.003051172],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02086919,0.9639766,0.009826657,0.001542629,0.0007935365,0.0001008291,0.0001752708,0.00005189472,0.002663465],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005772043,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0305258,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0898711856178583,"score_gpt":0.3351425627805212,"score_spread":0.2452713771626629,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}