{"id":"W4290964032","doi":"10.1007/s11340-022-00879-x","title":"Why Is It So Challenging to Measure Residual Stresses ?","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Experimental Mechanics","topic":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","field":"Engineering","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Los Alamos National Laboratory; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; European Commission; National Nuclear Security Administration; Henry Royce Institute; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Residual stress; Measure (data warehouse); Residual; Solid mechanics; Computer science; Stress (linguistics); Artificial intelligence; Materials science; Data mining; Algorithm","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001651194,0.0007607576,0.001193571,0.0003005174,0.0003230126,0.0001547068,0.0008215992,0.0003575241,0.002835045],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002520237,0.0007312357,0.0003814978,0.0004115331,0.00001344712,0.00009065311,0.0005615113,0.0006883502,0.00008145918],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004734972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000618657,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004259523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008524574,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975221,0.00008302736,0.0005722346,0.0006018167,0.0006258745,0.000594911],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998925,0.00008695062,0.00009711787,0.0006539191,0.00001794569,0.0002191171],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008810958,0.0001695546,1.524008e-8,0.008770049,0.0005234222,0.000150961,0.001543837,0.0004727599,0.0001371503,0.001195992,0.6012431,0.3857844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007088925,0.0001408996,1.784468e-9,0.003833898,0.0001117421,0.00003587296,0.0005903468,0.00005039735,0.01015688,0.00003826738,0.9841858,0.0007850667],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000002229928,0.9942974,0.000790782,0.000109693,0.001109673,0.0008955983,0.0002591076,0.0009396217,0.001595863],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00005234577,0.9968256,0.001112292,0.0003726225,0.0003833465,0.0007408088,0.0001051771,0.0002938231,0.0001139726],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3849993,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995139,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0898711856178583,"score_gpt":0.3351425627805212,"score_spread":0.2452713771626629,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}