{"id":"W4290999865","doi":"10.3390/en15165840","title":"Karlovitz Numbers and Premixed Turbulent Combustion Regimes for Complex-Chemistry Flames","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energies","topic":"Combustion and flame dynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Office National d'études et de Recherches Aérospatiales; Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","keywords":"Laminar flow; Combustion; Turbulence; Eddy; Flame structure; Mechanics; Premixed flame; Intermittency; Chemistry; Geology; Physics; Combustor; Physical chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006375495,0.0001079816,0.0001318681,0.00002747892,0.0001507059,0.00002950814,0.00008628831,0.00003082111,0.0001476699],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009704622,0.0001246342,0.0000577834,0.00006438835,0.00003521089,0.00004714439,0.00005650327,0.000100597,0.000001058813],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006287522,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008289337,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009082368,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000430751,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995002,0.00001194951,0.0001160182,0.0001288743,0.0001007859,0.0001422195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997314,0.00005765759,0.00002232058,0.0001336798,0.0000172545,0.00003764276],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002345731,0.00001825723,0.00007942475,0.000131915,0.0001548949,0.000002752045,0.0004700166,0.9602238,0.008825859,0.002168497,0.02653496,0.001366152],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001277769,0.00006268471,0.0008122876,0.00001452431,0.0002704467,0.00007782789,0.002886735,0.7713041,0.00713696,0.001536055,0.2139578,0.0006628097],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9916414,0.001082232,0.002465073,0.0005163451,0.0003233374,0.0001979644,0.00006764883,0.0006174387,0.003088561],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953337,0.00008115614,0.001385219,0.0000591117,0.00004649211,0.00009367206,0.0001457269,0.00002754079,0.002827415],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1889197,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5082437,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009231867496818655,"score_gpt":0.2010157026767919,"score_spread":0.1917838351799732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}