{"id":"W4292639835","doi":"10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00220","title":"Autonomous Chemical Experiments: Challenges and Perspectives on Establishing a Self-Driving Lab","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Accounts of Chemical Research","topic":"Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":267,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Vector Institute; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; University of Toronto","funders":"Office of Naval Research; National Research Council Canada; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Natural Resources Canada; University of Toronto; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","keywords":"Self driving; Nanotechnology; Biochemical engineering; Engineering; Materials science; Transport engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.03772155,0.0009233077,0.001378621,0.0009752143,0.00316387,0.0100327,0.005021076,0.007185786,0.006719876],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02272677,0.0007085449,0.001176792,0.0007030017,0.01451057,0.02052402,0.01141426,0.008260758,0.003750171],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003257995,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009510884,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001985683,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001409843,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9896252,0.004937017,0.0004040821,0.001551256,0.002304433,0.001178085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9648444,0.01364322,0.001250913,0.006543329,0.007057323,0.0066608],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002757553,0.0007675086,0.003235336,0.002313612,0.00009627857,0.0004737543,0.002324422,0.007488522,0.01073118,0.7646212,0.04195068,0.1657217],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001873891,0.0007315913,0.00132679,0.001071206,0.00003907951,0.0003683161,0.003141044,0.01009341,0.00553732,0.5281985,0.4491272,0.000178176],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.06575896,0.09471487,0.2876588,0.4361988,0.009654445,0.00121895,0.0008440319,0.002878916,0.1010723],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4371455,0.05133097,0.4467882,0.03558649,0.004205235,0.003021921,0.001240298,0.001010186,0.0196713],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03772155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.199493,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05658320681574806,"score_gpt":0.3271311057612069,"score_spread":0.2705478989454588,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}