{"id":"W4293079616","doi":"10.1139/cgj-2021-0586","title":"Effect of biochar on permeability of compacted soil and its microscopic mechanism","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Geotechnical Journal","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Biochar; Permeability (electromagnetism); Compaction; Particle size; Soil science; Particle-size distribution; Materials science; Geotechnical engineering; Chemistry; Environmental science; Composite material; Geology; Pyrolysis","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002106941,0.0003166835,0.0002847883,0.0003050202,0.0001809756,0.0003269469,0.0001713232,0.0002631452,0.0004968704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004827911,0.0001709799,0.0003044423,0.0001793781,0.0003293266,0.0006344353,0.0002363994,0.0002889153,0.00005765896],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000351771,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001831087,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002131598,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002788262,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998147,0.00002780799,0.00001525675,0.00004054019,0.00006149535,0.00004018785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997197,0.00008469165,0.00008927588,0.00001801701,0.00006015511,0.00002809678],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001401544,0.00002093538,0.001545811,0.0001493239,0.00001863815,0.000109409,0.00003804961,0.001199389,0.9939159,0.0001705761,0.00002613189,0.002665809],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001147782,0.0002959167,0.01530377,0.000009555025,0.00003707048,0.0001697967,0.00009824681,0.007064633,0.976168,0.0001842683,0.00063936,0.00001785578],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.995104,0.001184968,0.002714976,0.00005780139,0.00001661577,0.00001808362,0.0000843344,0.0000368285,0.0007824612],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989144,0.0003863866,0.0004337819,0.00001293254,0.000002400396,0.00000476264,0.00002699048,0.000003876979,0.0002145612],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002131598,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004238367,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005378307728840077,"score_gpt":0.1962061272322496,"score_spread":0.1908278195034095,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}