{"id":"W4293213259","doi":"10.1029/2022gl099543","title":"West Antarctic Surface Climate Changes Since the Mid‐20th Century Driven by Anthropogenic Forcing","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geophysical Research Letters","topic":"Cryospheric studies and observations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; Natural Environment Research Council; Sight Research UK","keywords":"Forcing (mathematics); Greenhouse gas; Environmental science; Climatology; Climate model; Climate change; Ozone depletion; Ozone layer; Radiative forcing; Atmospheric sciences; Proxy (statistics); Snow; Oceanography; Geology; Meteorology; Geography; Stratosphere","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005116123,0.0003254222,0.0002083037,0.0006600265,0.0002870907,0.0009538138,0.0002707852,0.0004217887,0.0009723127],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006745977,0.0001297221,0.0005842024,0.001307701,0.0002403752,0.00042443,0.000495098,0.0003593125,0.0002594146],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006383923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003896806,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01679098,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01758813,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998894,0.00002318536,0.00001359479,0.00003095327,0.00001930047,0.00002352231],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996179,0.00004553609,0.0001316893,0.00005496852,0.0001073577,0.00004247613],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002954857,0.00006487903,0.9619596,0.0001195439,0.0006384684,0.0004180424,0.0002188306,0.01694397,0.005419107,0.0008938159,0.001871867,0.01115639],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009823046,0.00002492526,0.9919319,0.00001638645,0.00008687002,0.00008246507,0.00009086743,0.004584387,0.0006991908,0.0001033879,0.002358305,0.00001158644],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940877,0.0004654176,0.0002503924,0.0002562728,0.00003422727,0.000003708579,0.00372231,0.00002502208,0.001154914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966441,0.0003970269,0.0001891098,0.00007118381,0.000028206,0.000007158809,0.002426435,0.000008762779,0.0002279909],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01679098,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03338653,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03627941954902608,"score_gpt":0.2827154925357261,"score_spread":0.2464360729867,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}