{"id":"W4294192109","doi":"10.3389/fbuil.2022.949441","title":"Urban growth: Modelling street network growth in Manhattan (1642–2008) and Barcelona (1260–2008)","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Built Environment","topic":"Urban Design and Spatial Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Pruning; Closeness; Economic geography; Fractal dimension; Geography; Econometrics; Fractal; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005557506,0.0004876023,0.0003396808,0.001424036,0.0004244958,0.001515564,0.0009724604,0.0009116013,0.002370043],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002119592,0.0003801793,0.00053978,0.001763971,0.0007359915,0.0005443764,0.0008341077,0.0005770043,0.0003546589],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005000099,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001157134,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2990561,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3415569,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997614,0.0001124112,0.000007885164,0.00005033942,0.0000229212,0.00004513567],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989014,0.0005785965,0.0001354489,0.00007267264,0.0002114411,0.000100456],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001636998,0.00007582771,0.07658751,0.00005606391,0.00006574763,0.000173086,0.0003177279,0.9130464,0.0002128929,0.002869465,0.001783175,0.004648515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003386999,0.00003700818,0.03763224,0.00002109304,0.00002311008,0.00003809445,0.000590978,0.9577458,0.0001452538,0.001117367,0.002598594,0.00001675441],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9894036,0.000244345,0.003247531,0.0002197437,0.00002481629,0.00002195865,0.001677145,0.00007879159,0.005082008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992947,0.0001669612,0.002822462,0.00001840323,0.000009414485,0.00004849909,0.001764954,0.00002704377,0.00219532],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2990561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5946307,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007523831713548782,"score_gpt":0.1548091105757087,"score_spread":0.1472852788621599,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}