{"id":"W4294221650","doi":"10.2147/copd.s365480","title":"Characterization of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Initiating Single-Inhaler Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonist/Long-Acting β2-Agonist Dual Therapy in a Primary Care Setting in England","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of COPD","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Impact","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Lama; Indacaterol; COPD; Inhaler; Tiotropium bromide; Muscarinic antagonist; Dry-powder inhaler; Internal medicine; Bronchodilator; Physical therapy; Asthma; Antagonist; Lung","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004074894,0.0002794005,0.0004930306,0.0007636487,0.0001515414,0.00006722038,0.0003359024,0.00005938244,0.0002168193],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002127721,0.0002744037,0.0001710686,0.0004568945,0.000135076,0.0006739227,0.0002687746,0.0009509983,0.000001029993],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003942296,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001574346,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007267721,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004500408,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996119,0.0003173141,0.001085834,0.0003821074,0.001691411,0.0004043864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971061,0.0002589546,0.001227036,0.0002010339,0.001012988,0.0001938887],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005321792,0.0008836704,0.8645813,0.0003499842,0.0001783673,0.002679877,0.002149061,0.0004572718,0.006996082,0.000002924662,4.631062e-7,0.1163992],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006694004,0.0004656831,0.9888769,0.0008845747,0.00004400065,0.0002341928,0.001124487,0.0004764198,0.0008139242,0.00001532089,0.0001362473,0.0002342612],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972029,0.0006807169,0.00005795022,0.000199567,0.0005167516,0.0006289471,0.0002892049,0.00001462833,0.0004093765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981048,0.00005609936,0.000129042,0.00009184726,0.0004931018,0.00004002954,0.001004154,0.00006401064,0.00001688149],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1242956,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999708,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01422017430700256,"score_gpt":0.2742690419003426,"score_spread":0.26004886759334,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}