{"id":"W4294761569","doi":"10.1017/s0261444822000313","title":"Should linguistics be applied and, if so, how?","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Language Teaching","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Interlanguage; Generative grammar; Linguistics; Second-language acquisition; Linguistic competence; Theoretical linguistics; Computer science; Grammar; Emergent grammar; Language acquisition; Developmental linguistics; First language; Comprehension approach; Language education; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.03174463,0.0006252034,0.001281993,0.002454988,0.004436801,0.01483527,0.002134119,0.01096372,0.006581361],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04418558,0.0004615216,0.0005996273,0.002719871,0.03899422,0.02520115,0.004540332,0.01114962,0.003644032],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007632416,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01593715,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007612895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005966337,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9799613,0.01426539,0.0008130317,0.001013113,0.002479303,0.0014678],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9570817,0.02400102,0.001636239,0.003537665,0.01066954,0.003073834],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005820464,0.0001115052,0.00156505,0.001037831,0.0000296097,0.0002709487,0.005724786,0.000474666,0.0002898776,0.7577705,0.1308626,0.1018044],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001686791,0.00002143104,0.0008461431,0.002073287,0.00001400386,0.0002200168,0.007324372,0.0004698198,0.0002969061,0.6484361,0.3402497,0.00003138674],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.001612849,0.01949666,0.00288037,0.9536272,0.004055896,0.00001537085,0.00001873467,0.00007174148,0.01822122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3456409,0.1118262,0.0231459,0.4545588,0.0283556,0.0003918771,0.0001802692,0.0004148745,0.03548557],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03174463,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1678836,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03679787838553025,"score_gpt":0.2661739597267596,"score_spread":0.2293760813412294,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}