{"id":"W4295885129","doi":"10.1111/fire.12321","title":"Governance and leverage: International evidence","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Financial Review","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Saint Mary's University","funders":"","keywords":"Leverage (statistics); Corporate governance; Shareholder; Business; Natural experiment; Accounting; On board; Percentage point; Monetary economics; Economics; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004009353,0.0001210256,0.0002024256,0.00002458755,0.0002206487,0.00007958208,0.0003541272,0.00001498977,0.0007915797],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005785004,0.0001239918,0.00006290965,0.0004083364,0.00002524485,0.001337002,0.0003912575,0.000172469,0.0001458059],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005480812,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005494745,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001847353,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002982428,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989643,0.000009463191,0.0002292139,0.0002790861,0.0003556783,0.0001623036],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993793,0.00002428685,0.0003340441,0.0001853884,0.00007077289,0.000006175573],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006660072,0.00008332114,0.04266936,0.002297332,0.00000960632,0.0001266361,0.00001380167,0.00002243635,0.00005367814,0.1635709,0.5202476,0.2708387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001219015,0.000006966251,0.1634971,0.0009345637,0.00001653455,0.000007150056,0.000001001243,0.00004425112,8.676282e-7,0.0007297867,0.8345054,0.0001344472],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1675072,0.7112404,0.001320899,0.07674161,0.007599623,0.00214406,0.0001957077,0.0003235942,0.03292683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8344898,0.108159,0.00008849036,0.0500952,0.00151706,0.0002444295,0.00002169045,0.00002743247,0.005356897],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6669826,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8667243,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03453355988317917,"score_gpt":0.250628708054016,"score_spread":0.2160951481708368,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}