{"id":"W4296138130","doi":"10.1075/jicb.21023.wil","title":"Progress, challenges, and trajectories for indigenous language content-based instruction in the United States and Canada","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Immersion and Content-Based Language Education","topic":"Multilingual Education and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Indigenous; Indigenous language; Graduation (instrument); Language assessment; First language; Government (linguistics); Language proficiency; Political science; Pedagogy; Sociology; Linguistics; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002946348,0.0002549148,0.0004186935,0.001991685,0.01114538,0.007273633,0.002571755,0.001332097,0.004427535],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006666765,0.000205178,0.0004128623,0.003079871,0.002580944,0.001981961,0.004099225,0.002682756,0.0002603951],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.1398862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.3293338,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9968432,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9980018,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954491,0.0003257878,0.0001125367,0.0001895632,0.00131751,0.002605439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9885575,0.0004617974,0.0003465108,0.0001099927,0.005692312,0.004831984],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006267674,0.00135017,0.416789,0.001193957,0.0001808521,0.002204696,0.1206071,0.003507673,0.002630228,0.1021899,0.04933022,0.2993894],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005887502,0.0003296366,0.4624968,0.001661705,0.000120309,0.0003180115,0.3828539,0.003591576,0.001770165,0.004925011,0.1416313,0.0002428557],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8773575,0.00400093,0.0005663724,0.05315165,0.0002399755,0.0002464325,0.001113549,0.00008156948,0.063242],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9865308,0.002201409,0.0008812883,0.001105257,0.00001233813,0.0000509846,0.0004069952,0.00001608505,0.008794886],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1398862,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99761,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05088827308275868,"score_gpt":0.3532939541680877,"score_spread":0.302405681085329,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}