{"id":"W4297003421","doi":"10.1002/rem.21737","title":"Carbon injection to support in‐situ smoldering remediation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Remediation Journal","topic":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Chevron (Canada); Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental remediation; Activated carbon; Carbon fibers; Contamination; Environmental chemistry; Thermal treatment; Combustion; Environmental science; Waste management; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Adsorption; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001221371,0.0003625522,0.0001619734,0.0002216646,0.0001382743,0.0002339145,0.000229698,0.0002816458,0.001108873],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001820086,0.00009454444,0.0001518961,0.0001126021,0.0001439364,0.0001983805,0.0001287371,0.0002585277,0.0002033242],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002557993,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002009281,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008455982,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001857442,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998823,0.00001286558,0.000007623939,0.00002812567,0.00004574573,0.00002320254],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999866,0.00003086264,0.00003728253,0.000008898585,0.00004145295,0.00001547145],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002445879,0.00001393807,0.00007168479,0.00003589263,0.000002224942,0.00001755656,0.000005753394,0.0001001037,0.9986401,0.00002966135,0.00001827517,0.001040372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002079715,0.00005868489,0.0002325023,0.000001605151,0.000002522575,0.00001230471,0.000004181446,0.0005090047,0.9987896,0.000004569693,0.0003817359,0.000001350788],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9914185,0.0005382093,0.005724485,0.00003905153,0.00003989291,0.00004805474,0.0001214288,0.0001435353,0.001926769],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920924,0.0003071353,0.00588594,0.00001818076,0.00000719939,0.00002066419,0.0001014833,0.00002764995,0.001539349],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001108873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003709614,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02051837831079896,"score_gpt":0.2745956768974143,"score_spread":0.2540772985866153,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}