{"id":"W4297222392","doi":"10.7759/cureus.29596","title":"Comparison of Cortical Bone Fracture Patterns Under Compression Loading Using Finite Element–Discrete Element Numerical Modeling Approach and Destructive Testing","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cureus","topic":"Rock Mechanics and Modeling","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Geomechanica (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Finite element method; Discrete element method; Fracture (geology); Displacement (psychology); Compression (physics); Extended finite element method; Discretization; Structural engineering; Mechanics; Materials science; Composite material; Mathematical analysis; Engineering; Mathematics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003823426,0.0003043979,0.0001700356,0.001150607,0.0001853906,0.0002261649,0.0003529208,0.0003699277,0.0013189],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001163972,0.0002080628,0.0001475503,0.0004798506,0.0004705823,0.0002547423,0.0001737463,0.0001792222,0.000174112],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001788377,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002321415,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001262409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003456382,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997454,0.00003079982,0.00001335288,0.00002605674,0.0001614109,0.00002295019],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993755,0.000331219,0.00005229323,0.00007894469,0.0001393521,0.00002262931],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003791705,0.0002346038,0.01699421,0.0001957097,0.00002446946,0.0003855416,0.0004159731,0.02086788,0.87863,0.001258997,0.0002001037,0.0804133],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005458054,0.001243276,0.1211777,0.00006127824,0.00004842624,0.003400011,0.0008365465,0.2859179,0.5828167,0.002129878,0.002233983,0.00007967236],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.947441,0.0001046184,0.04986327,0.00002940745,0.00001013928,0.00007045391,0.00009776949,0.0001369191,0.002246292],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9783005,0.00007521511,0.02074742,0.00001803158,0.000002557222,0.0000478209,0.00007520113,0.0000170703,0.0007161775],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013189,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004412174,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06782874518316846,"score_gpt":0.3013054955242127,"score_spread":0.2334767503410443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}